- Discuss the pathophysiology of HF
- Discuss the various classifications of HF
- Discuss Mr. Duke’s signs and symptoms that were consistent with HF
- Describe Mr. Duke’s predisposing risk factor for HF
- List nursing diagnoses appropriate for Mr. Duke’s care
- Briefly define the following terms: cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), central venous pressure (CVP), preload, afterload, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and pulmonary artery occlusive pressure (PAOP).
- Describe the benefits of using a pulmonary artery catheter during HF.
- Briefly describe the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema.
- List pharmacological agents used in care and the importance
- Discuss long term management of a patient with heart failure.
- Discuss new drug therapies for HF on the horizon